报告题目：New Findings in Materials in Extreme Environments

报告人：Russell J. Hemley

单 位：Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago,Chicago IL 60607; Distinguished Chair in the Natural Sciences.

报告时间：2019年4月10日（星期三）下午14:30

报告地点：唐敖庆楼C区603报告厅

报告摘要：Extreme pressures and temperatures produceprofound effects on structure, bonding and electronic character of atoms andmolecules, molding matter to make new materials. A growing number of novelmaterials and phenomena are being documented over the broad range of conditionsusing both static and dynamic multimegabar (e.g., >300 GPa) pressures thatcan now be generated in the laboratory. The results are leading to altogethernew structures, electronic phenomena and potentially useful materials, with implicationsbeyond condensed matter physics to geophysics, planetary physics, astrophysics,and at more modest conditions even biophysics. Because of its quantum characterand putatively simple electronic structure, the behavior of hydrogen has beenof particular interest. Recent studies of hydrogen have uncovered newtransformations to increasingly metallic states in both the solid and fluidusing static and dynamic compression methods to multimegabar pressures. Therehave also been important recent findings in hydrogen-rich systems in a varietyof chemical environments at these conditions. Most notable is our discovery ofa new class of materials – superhydrides – and the observation of nearroom-temperature superconductivity in these systems, specifically lanthanumsuperhydrides with a Tc above 260 K near 200 GPa.

举办单位：尊龙凯时物理学院

超硬材料国家重点实验室

计算物理方法与软件创新中心

尊龙凯时省物理学会